Histone Demethylase Inhibitor

GSK-J4 is a potent dual inhibitor of H3K27me3/me2-demethylases JMJD3/KDM6B and UTX/KDM6A with IC₅₀s of 8.6 and 6.6 μM, respectively. GSK-J4 inhibits LPS-induced TNF-α production in human primary macrophages with an IC₅₀ of 9 μM. GSK J4 is a cell permeable proagent of GSK-J1. GSK-J4 induces endoplasmic reticulum stress-related apoptosis.

Deferiprone is a potent, orally active, brain-penetrant, cell-penetrant, skin-permeable, free iron chelating agent. Deferiprone inhibits the proliferation and migration, and stimulates apoptosis in tumor cell. Deferiprone can inhibit KDM. Deferiprone has antianemic, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidotal activity. Deferiprone can be used in cancer, cardiovascular disease, infection, inflammation, and neurological disease study.

CPI-455 is a specific, pan-KDM5 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 10 nM for KDM5A. CPI-455 mediates KDM5 inhibition, elevates global levels of H3K4me3, and decreases the number of drug-tolerant persister cancer cells in multiple cancer cell line models treated with standard chemotherapy or targeted agents.

TAS1440 is an orally active LSD1/KDM1A inhibitor with a human IC₅₀ of 4.8 nM. TAS1440 non-covalently binds to the histone H₃-binding pocket of LSD1, inhibiting demethylase activity and disrupting repressive complexes with INSM1 and SMAD2. TAS1440 activates tumor-suppressive TGF-β and NOTCH signaling pathways via transcriptional reprogramming. TAS1440 can be used for the research of small cell lung cancer, specifically the SCLC-A subtype.

IOX1, a chemical probe, is a potent broad‐spectrum inhibitor of 2OG oxygenases, including the JmjC demethylases. IOX1 inhibits KDM4C, KDM4E, KDM2A, KDM3A and KDM6B with IC₅₀ values of 0.6 μM, 2.3 μM, 1.8 μM, 0.1 μM and 1.4 μM, respectively. IOX1 also inhibits ALKBH5.

GSK2879552 an orally active, selective and irreversible inhibitor of lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/ KDM1A), with potential antineoplastic activity.

JIB-04 is a pan-selective Jumonji histone demethylase inihibitor with IC₅₀s of 230, 340, 855, 445, 435, 1100, and 290 nM for JARID1A, JMJD2E, JMJD3, JMJD2A, JMJD2B, JMJD2C, and JMJD2D, respectively.

Iadademstat (ORY-1001) dihydrochloride is a selective irreversible lysine (K)-specific demethylase 1A (KDM1A/LSD1) inhibitor.

GSK-LSD1 dihydrochloride is a potent, selective and irreversible lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 16 nM.

GSK-J4 hydrochloride is a potent dual inhibitor of H3K27me3/me2-demethylases JMJD3/KDM6B and UTX/KDM6A with IC₅₀s of 8.6 and 6.6 μM, respectively. GSK-J4 hydrochloride inhibits LPS-induced TNF-α production in human primary macrophages with an IC₅₀ of 9 μM. GSK-J4 hydrochloride is a cell permeable proagent of GSK-J1.

Iadademstat (ORY-1001) is a highly potent, orally active and selective LSD1 (KDM1A) inhibitor with antileukemic activity. Iadademstat can be used for relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia research.

QC6352 is an orally active KDM4 inhibitor with anti-tumor and anti-proliferative activity. QC6352 has in vivo inhibitory effects on PDX models of breast and colon cancer and reduces the number of chemoresistant cell populations. QC6352 inhibits KDM4 different isoforms with IC₅₀s of 104 nM (KDM4A), 56 nM (KDM4B), 35 nM (KDM4C), and 104 nM (KDM4D), respectively. QC6352 has moderate inhibitory activity against KDM5 with an IC₅₀ of 750 nM (KDM5B).

GSK-J1, a chemical probe, is a potent inhibitor of H3K27me3/me2-demethylases JMJD3/KDM6B and UTX/KDM6A, with IC₅₀ of 60 nM towards KDM6B.

KDM5-C70 is an ethyl ester derivative of KDM5-C49 and a potent, cell-permeable and pan-KDM5 histone demethylase inhibitor. KDM5-C70 has an antiproliferative effect in myeloma cells, leading to genome-wide elevation of H3K4me3 levels.

XL177A is a covalent USP7 inhibitor that blocks the deubiquitinase activity of USP7. XL177A destabilizes non-canonical PRC1 complexes or KDM6A and reduces chromatin deposition of H2AK119Ub, thereby relieving the repression of neuronal differentiation programs. Meanwhile, XL177A also regulates the ELOF1-UVSSA-USP7-nuclear β-catenin axis, decreasing the transcription levels of related proteins and the accumulation of nuclear β-catenin. XL177A exerts antiviral effects by reducing the expression levels of coronavirus receptors, and exhibits inhibitory activity against APC-mutated colorectal cancer cells, neuroblastoma, and coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2 variants. XL177A is mainly used in studies related to colorectal cancer, neuroblastoma, and coronavirus infections.

Corin is a dual inhibitor of histone lysine specific demethylase (LSD1) and histone deacetylase (HDAC), with a K_i(inact) of 110 nM for LSD1 and an IC₅₀ of 147 nM for HDAC1.

Daminozide, a plant growth regulator, is a selective inhibitor of the human KDM2/7 histone demethylases, with IC₅₀s of 0.55, 1.5 and 2.1 μM for PHF8, KDM2A, and KIAA1718, respectively. Daminozide has >100-fold selectivity for KDM2/7 subfamily versus other demethylase subfamily members tested.

L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium is an epigenetic modifier and putative oncometabolite in renal cancer. L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium can inhibit histone demethylases and hence promote histone methylation. L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid inhibits mitochondrial creatine kinase (Mi-CK) activity with K_m and K_i of 2.52 mM and 11.13 mM, respectively.

Tranylcypromine (SKF 385) hemisulfate is an irreversible, nonselective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor used in the treatment of depression. Tranylcypromine hemisulfate is also a lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) inhibitor, suppresses lesion growth and improves generalized hyperalgesia in mouse with induced endometriosis. Tranylcypromine has antidepressant effects.

Phenelzine sulfate, an antidepressant agent, is an irreversible and orally active monoamine oxidase (MAO-A and MAO-B) inhibitor. Phenelzine sulfate inhibits GABA transaminase and primary amine oxidase (PrAO), and sequester reactive aldehydes. Phenelzine sulfate also inhibits LSD1 (Ki: 5.6 μM) and suppresses oxidative stress and lipogenesis. Phenelzine sulfate elevates neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine). Phenelzine sulfate is studied in neurological, metabolic and cancer diseases for depression and anxiety disorders, stroke, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory pain, obesity and prostate cancer.